Three to four days gives you time for the city itself plus one or two regional day trips. Many visitors combine a private historical tour with a Cameron Highlands trip or a Penang Hill and temple run, so you're looking at a full itinerary even in a long weekend.

Yes. The city's history is dense - colonial forts, clan temples, street art - and a knowledgeable guide cuts through the noise and introduces you to spots tourists don't usually find. Private food tours are particularly good value since the guide knows which stall owners will actually talk to you.

November through February keeps you out of the heaviest heat and monsoon season. Check before you go for specific weather patterns, as rain can affect hill visibility if you're planning Penang Hill or Cameron Highlands trips.

Taxis and ride-hailing work, but most visitors book a private driver or join a full-day city tour so they don't have to think about logistics. It's cheaper than you'd expect and leaves you free to photograph and ask questions.

Popular day trips to Cameron Highlands or multi-day packages benefit from booking a week or two ahead. City tours and food walks can often be arranged with just a few days' notice.

Kek Lok Si and other major temples are working spiritual sites, so dress respectfully (covered shoulders and knees) and be quiet in prayer areas. Most private tour guides will handle the logistics and protocol for you.

Penang Hill has a train ride that kids enjoy, and private tours can be tailored to move at a family pace with breaks built in. Food tours work well if your children are adventurous eaters, and botanical gardens offer a gentler afternoon if anyone needs a breather.